Perspectives in Diabetes Glucokinase as Glucose Sensor and Metabolic Signal Generator in Pancreatic P-Cells and Hepatocytes
نویسنده
چکیده
This article reviews evidence for a pivotal role of glucokinase as glucose sensor of the pancreatic p-cells. Glucokinase explains the capacity, hexose specificity, affinities, sigmoidicity, and anomeric preference of pancreatic islet glycolysis, and because stimulation of glucose metabolism is a prerequisite of glucose stimulation of insulin release, glucokinase also explains many characteristics of this p-cell function. Glucokinase of the p-cell is induced or activated by glucose in contrast to liver glucokinase, which is regulated by insulin. Tissue-specific regulation corresponds with observations that liver and pancreatic p-cell glucokinase are structurally distinct. Glucokinase could play a glucose-sensor role in hepatocytes as well, and certain forms of diabetes mellitus might be due to glucokinase deficiencies in pancreatic p-cells, hepatocytes, or both. Diabetes 39:647-52,1990
منابع مشابه
بررسی اثر گلوکزآمین بر فعالیت آنزیم‌های گلوکوکیناز و هگزوکیناز پانکراس و ارتباط آن با ترشح انسولین از جزایر لانگرهانس موش‌های صحرایی سالم و دیابتی نوع 2
Background: Glucokinase serves as a glucose sensor in pancreatic β-cells and plays a key role in glucose homeostasis and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). In the present study we examined the effect of glucosamine, a glucokinase inhibitor, on the pancreatic glucokinase and hexokinase activities and on insulin secretion from freshly rat pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Insulin concen...
متن کاملبررسی اثر گلی‌بن‌کلامید بر ترشح انسولین و فعالیت گلوکوکیناز در جزایر لانگرهانس پانکراس موش‌های صحرایی سالم و دیابتی
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متن کاملPerspectives in Diabetes Glucose Sensing in Pancreatic -Cells A Model for the Study of Other Glucose-Regulated Cells in Gut, Pancreas, and Hypothalamus
Nutrient homeostasis is known to be regulated by pancreatic islet tissue. The function of islet -cells is controlled by a glucose sensor that operates at physiological glucose concentrations and acts in synergy with signals that integrate messages originating from hypothalamic neurons and endocrine cells in gut and pancreas. Evidence exists that the extrapancreatic cells producing and secreting...
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تاریخ انتشار 2006